Cystic Fibrosis

CYSTIC FIBROSIS 

The day of convention at Washington Adventist University. There were several presentations  that caught my attention, because most of them involve some type of disease. There was one specific that I appreciated. My friend and classmate made an impressive model of a pair of lungs, one had purple flowers that represent the awareness for cystic fibrosis and the other one affected lung of the disease. The information that she presented was an oral presentation and she went over what cystic fibrosis was all about. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the lungs but can also affect other organs such as the pancreas, liver, and kidneys. Some of the symptoms that are presented are sinus infections, difficulty breathing, and clubbing of fingers and toes. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited autosomal recessive disease, that causes by the presence of mutations. She also mentioned that unfortunately there is no cure for this condition, but it can be treated with antibiotics.In some cases lung transplantation is necessary in the case the lungs continues to deteriorate. I thought she did a very good job presenting the cell and molecular aspect of this disease.

Parkinson Disease

Investigation

Parkinson's Disease 

Parkinson's sickness is a constant and dynamic development issue, implying that side effects proceed and decline after some time. Almost one million individuals in the US are living with Parkinson's sickness. The cause is obscure, and in spite of the fact that there is no cure, there are treatment choices, for example, prescription and surgery to deal with its side effects.

Parkinson's includes the glitch and passing of imperative nerve cells in the brain, called neurons. Parkinson's principally influences neurons in a region of the cerebrum called the substantial nigra. Some of these withering neurons deliver dopamine, a substance that sends messages to the piece of the cerebrum that controls development and coordination. As Parkinson’s  advances, the measure of dopamine delivered in the cerebrum diminishes, leaving the effects of uncontrollable muscle movement.

Cell Molecular

Parkinson's Disease is "idiopathic"meaning that the caused of it is unknown. There is about a 15 percentage that can cause the disease. A mutation on the gene can cause Parkinson's Disease. A gene that can be affected is chromosome 6 has a mutation in Park 2 gene that can be inherited by an Autosomal Recessive. The park 2 gene is one of the largest gene and it encodes for protein called Parkin. The exact function of parkin is to tag other damaged or excess protein to ubiquitin and be transferred to proteasomes to be breakdown.

Lysosomes

Lysosomes

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that cut or digest molecules found in a cell. The function of lysosomes can be breaking down into two processes autophagy and crinophagy. Autophagy means self-eating, and it's when lysosomes digest molecules that are part of the cell itself, or other cells. If there are organelles that are no longer functional, these will be digested by lysosomes. A good example of autophagy would be the macrophages of the immune system. Macrophages function its to engulf bacteria and viruses and then be transferred to the lysosomes to digest. Crinophagy is when the lysosomes digest excess secretory products. An example of crinopahgy will be if a cell is producing too much of a hormone, lysosome will break down the extra hormone that it's being produced. In both autophagy and crinophagy, after the lysosomes complete the breakdown of molecules. It will release the molecules into the cytoplasm for reused. 

Viruses vs Cancer

Cancer vs Virus 

Cancer is a group of diseases that characterize by abnormal and uncontrolled cell proliferation. Cancer cells growth with the potential to invade and interfere with other organs systems functioning. The initiated cause for cancer it comes from a mutation in the genes that usually control cell proliferation. The identification of the mutating genes came from the studies of viruses that cause cancer in animals. Furthermore, studies eventually were able to identify the specifics of cancer or the causing gene carried by the virus. And what is the relationship with normal cells? Although some cancers are known be caused by a virus; some occur from mutations in normal cells genes. There are studies of cancer-causing viruses, which had led to the identification of a various gene responsible for nonvirus induced cancer, this has helped to understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for cancer. In the search for a cancer treatment, these insights into the molecular and cellular biology are important to achieve this step.

Source:

"Viruses That Can Lead to Cancer." American Cancer Society. The American Cancer Society Medical and Editorial Content Team, 11 July 2016. Web. 011 Apr. 2017.